Political Analysis Advance Access originally published online on June 29, 2006
Political Analysis 2006 14(4):393-420; doi:10.1093/pan/mpl003
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Specification Issues in Proximity Models of Candidate Evaluation (with Issue Importance)
Department of Political Science, University of Chicago, 5828 S. University Ave., Chicago, IL 60637
Department of Political Science, University of Michigan, 5700 Haven Hall, 505 S. State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1045 e-mail: becorrig{at}umich.edu
e-mail: grynaviski{at}uchicago.edu (corresponding author)
The use of the proximity model to represent the relationship between citizens' policy attitudes and the positions of candidates on the issues of the day has considerable appeal because it offers a bridge between theoretical models of political behavior and empirical work. However, there is little consensus among applied researchers about the appropriate representation of voter behavior with respect to the measurement of issue distance, candidate location, or whether to allow heterogeneity in the weight that each individual places on particular issues. Each of these choices suggests a different, and reasonably complicated, nonlinear relationship between voter utility and candidate and voter issue positions which may have a meaningful influence on the substantive conclusions drawn by the researcher. Yet, little attention has been given to the best way to represent the proximity model in applied work. The purpose of this paper is to identify which forms of the proximity model work best, with particular consideration given to the identification of functional forms that are invariant to the choice of scale for the independent variables.
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